Many scientists and architects are finding a place to live in space, so space architecture is really important. Space architecture is all about designing and building in space for astronauts to live and work there comfortably. It is a mixture of designing and engineering to create safe and comfortable places in space. Without it, humans couldn't survive in space and on other planets.
Why Does Space Architecture Matter?
Space has extreme temperatures, like from no atmosphere to intense radiation, microgravity and drastic temperature fluctuations. Without proper design, human survival in space is impossible.
Challenges of building in space
Architects should keep many things in mind while designing the homes and buildings, like there is no air in space , the temperature is very high in space, and it has microgravity, which makes things float. So they have to make sure that everything is safe. Hence, building in space is way more different and complicated than building on Earth.
Another challenge is the scarcity of materials in space. Unlike Earth, there are very few materials in space. Essential materials like wood, concrete, etc., are not available in space. Due to these, the architects are using innovations like 3D printing, and these can be used with basic materials like dust and soil; these are available on terrestrial planets like Mars. This would reduce the need for transporting materials from earth. 3D printing can be done by robots which use the soil of Mars to create structures or buildings in space.
Many firms, like BIG and AI SpaceFactory, have introduced many Martian habitats using in-situ resource utilisation (ISRU) – for example, 3D printers from Martian soil, which reduces the need to transport resources from Earth with efficient designs.
Needs of space building
First, there has to be the right temperature and clean air . There are life-supporting systems to provide an ample supply of air and keep the temperature right in the places . They also have to find ways to recycle water and grow their own food in space, which will reduce the need for transporting materials from Earth.
The health of the astronauts in space
Living in space for months—or even years—can take a serious toll on a person’s mental and emotional well-being. Imagine being millions of miles away from your loved ones, your home planet just a distant blue dot. The loneliness, isolation, and stress can be overwhelming. That’s why it’s so important to design space habitats with human needs in mind—not just survival, but mental and emotional health too.
Simple things can make a big difference. Natural light, greenery, and familiar Earth-like architecture can help astronauts feel more grounded and connected to the world they left behind. A space filled with plants, warm lighting, and thoughtful design doesn't just look nice—it can lift spirits and reduce stress in a place where comfort is difficult to come by.
Physical space matters, too. Cramped, sterile environments can lead to discomfort and fatigue, while open, well-designed living areas give astronauts room to move, breathe, and relax. By giving them space—both literally and emotionally—we help them stay strong and healthy.
Missions and Developments
International Space Station (ISS) – The International Space Station is more of a laboratory than a home. It is the most significant and main living quarters built to date; it has provided us with information on how humans can live in microgravity and space for long periods of time. And the Asardiga space nation is a space nation which is going to build in space and is going to have its own citizens, flag, et cetera.
In conclusion, space architecture is all about creating safe, comfortable spaces for astronauts to live in and work. Travelling and residing in space will be easier and more sustainable in the future. Space architecture will help us to live and explore the moon and Mars one day.
-Dhruthi.S
Batch 17